Spatially Patterned Alignment is a technique based on photolithography that combines two alignment materials with different pretilt angles on a single substrate to create patterned liquid crystal alignments. By designing specific photomasks, various alignment patterns can be achieved, enabled by the high-resolution capability of the fabrication process. This approach allows for the realization of diverse patterned liquid crystal structures. Furthermore, the use of commercially available alignment materials ensures the feasibility of large-scale production and commercialization.

Diffractive Optical Elements

　　Our research utilizes this technique to fabricate a low-energy optical diffraction element. This element is based on the refractive index difference experienced by polarized light when interacting with liquid crystals aligned at different pretilt angles, resulting in diffraction. Additionally, since part of the liquid crystal alignment is already vertically oriented without an applied electric field, only a weak electric field is required to modify the alignment state. Experimental results demonstrate that the diffraction can be toggled on and off with a voltage as low as 10V.

Polarization-Insensitive Smart Windows

　　Our team has developed a polarization-insensitive smart window by vertically stacking two one-dimensional grating glass substrates to form a two-dimensional grating structure. This design eliminates the need for additional chemical materials, such as polymers or chiral molecules, in the liquid crystals. By applying an electric field to modify the liquid crystal alignment and influence the light's path, the smart window achieves switching between transparent and diffusive states.

Journal of Molecular Liquids. 395,123882.(2024)